Application
As you are familiar with the problem we had, this kind of problem is general in every educational institute. Using the concept of graph theory and colouring method, usually, institutes manage their academic timetable.
Communication system: This concept limited not only to the educational institutional sector but nowadays it’s become a much more interesting tool to solve some other real-life problems like in communication systems, suppose we want to minimize the number of radio frequencies we use while not using the same frequencies in nearby regions (to prevent interference). Then colours could represent frequencies, vertices could represent regions, and edges connect the vertices representing neighbouring regions. Then we want to assign frequencies (i.e., colour the vertices) with no conflicts (i.e., no adjacent vertices have the same colour) using as few frequencies (i.e., colours) as possible.
Sudoku solving: This concept is also useful to solve some puzzles like sudoku which is a logic-based puzzle.
Other applications like sports scheduling, pattern matching, designing seating plans in various travelling services like airlines, train, bus, exam timetabling, the scheduling time-table for travelling system like railways, buses, taxis, etc.